What is Nio's battery-swapping service?

NIO’s battery-swapping services operate under a Battery-as-a-Service (BaaS) model. As of November 2023, NIO had established 2,217 battery-swapping stations across six markets, completing nearly 33 million battery swaps for its users.

Does Taiwan have a battery-swapping industry?

In Taiwan, the battery-swapping industry primarily serves ordinary EMV users, as companies like Gogoro and Kymco have popularized efficient EMVs with easily interchangeable battery-swapping systems, managed through smartphone applications [ 6, 9, 17, 18 ].

Should China develop battery-swapping infrastructure for demvs?

Based on the research findings and sensitivity analysis conducted in this study, several policy implications have emerged that can guide the development of battery-swapping infrastructure for DEMVs, which are particularly relevant for China and other emerging market countries.

What is a battery swapping system?

These systems enable the independent charging of batteries at specialized swapping stations, thus bolstering security and mitigating risks tied to traditional charging practices [ 7, , , ].

Why are EV battery-swapping services becoming more popular?

This challenge has sparked renewed interest in EV battery-swapping services. Apart from convenience, battery-swapping also lowers customers’ initial cost of adopting an EV by allowing them to purchase only the vehicle body and lease the battery pack.

Can a battery swapping station be used as an alternative method?

Hence, the battery swapping station (BSS) model has been proposed as an alternative method. Recently, researchers have studied the BSS approach by proposing various operation systems and optimization methods, and BSS service operators have successfully implemented swapping at commercial and private stations.