What is the national energy policy of Madagascar?

Accordingly, the national energy policy of Madagascar focuses in ensuring electricity supply security by developing hydropower in priority and by improving public-private partnership to establish a national guidelines in renewable energy research .

Which energy sources are used in Madagascar?

According to the energy inventory drawn up by the MEM 4 and the study report of the CREAM 5 , wood energy has the highest share (92%) in the total energy supply in Madagascar, followed by fossil fuel (7%). Only less than 1% of this demand is supplied by other renewable energy sources.

Why does Madagascar have a low rate of electricity?

Only less than 1% of this demand is supplied by other renewable energy sources. This high share of wood energy is explained by its accessibility and its low cost for the population. Madagascar has a low rate electricity access due to its high price and the insufficient quantity production. The national rate of electrification is only 4.7% only.

What are the environmental impacts of power production in Madagascar?

Regarding the environmental impacts of the power production, according to the EIA data , Madagascar has recorded a total of 2.89 million metric tons of CO 2 from consumption of fossil fuels, all sector gathered. Electricity production represents 15% of the total emissions of CO 2 recorded in Madagascar (492 kt CO 2 -eq).

What is the rate of electrification in Madagascar?

The national rate of electrification is only 4.7% only. In urban zones, such as Antananarivo, this value could reach up. In view of the geographic and climatic conditions in Madagascar, the reality of development of renewable energy technologies (RETs) is complicated despite numerous research works carried out in this area.

How much energy does Madagascar use a year?

However, energy consumption per inhabitant remains one of the lowest in the world, around 0.315 toe/year in this area , as the world average is around 1.6 toe/year. During the last two years Madagascar is ranked as the 188-th over 189 economies in terms of getting electricity, .